Table 2.  European wheat mildew virulence frequencies (%), 1997
RESISTANCE GENES			BL	CH	CZ	DE*	HU	NO^	PL	SK mid	SK east	UK	YU
Pm1			66			42-75	52	10		71	53		76
Pm2			37	81	59	63-98	82	9	70	100	93	100	47
Pm3a			60	7			72	4		100	100		71
Pm3b			43	7			99	1		100	100	4	54
Pm3c			89	47		31-77	80	4			93		75
Pm3d				13		0-20			47	43	33	30
Pm3f				64						100	100
Pm4a				77			0	16		0	0		22
Pm4b				57	32	51-98	70	22	78	100	53	98	24
pm5			90	84	62		79	15	72	100	100	95	49
Pm6			97	80			79	5				99	81
Pm7			100	94			89			100	100		81
Pm8			99	60		74-100	98	16	40	100	100	98	64
Pm17				4			80			67	93	16	24
Pm2,6			30	73	46	63-98	69		67	42	67		25
Pm1,2,9				29	20		21			0	0		27
Pm2,4b,8				38					41
Number of isolates tested			141	89	312	618	210	(bulk)	254	17	17	328	59
BL Bulgaria, CH Switzerland, CZ Czech Republic, DE Germany, HU Hungary, NO Norway, PL Poland, SK Slovakia, UK United Kingdom
YU Yugoslavia.
*  Southern Germany:-  range of virulence frequencies detected.
^  Norway:-  bulk isolates;  results based on mean % disease severity