Table 1.  European wheat mildew virulence frequencies (%), 1996
RESISTANCE GENES		BL	CH	CZ	DE*	DK#	HU	NO^	PL	SK~	UK	YU
Pm1		69			40-70	43	60	2.5		64		63
Pm2		33	67	62	60-100	100	84	3.0	69	98	100	82
Pm3a		57	10			0	79	0.5		100		79
Pm3b		30	15			11	99	0.5		95	3	45
Pm3c		86	52		10-60		83	3.0				98
Pm3d			14		5-15	2			48	43
Pm3f			61							100
Pm4a			92				0	18.0		0		53
Pm4b			45	38	80-100	68	81	2.5	42	91	93	58
pm5		87	60	94		89	82	23.0	73	100	93	79
Pm6		97	89		50-90	91	83	1.0			96	95
Pm7		100	100				90			100		98
Pm8		98	55		80-100	98	99	0.5	30	100	96	95
Pm17			6	68			81			67	15	41
Pm2,6		21	56	52			70		74	25		41
Pm1,2,9			36	32			25			0
Pm2,4b,8			18						29
Number of isolates tested		141	84	582	*	47	210	(bulk)	574	44	313	128
BL Bulgaria, CH Switzerland, CZ Czech Republic, DE Germany, DK Denmark, HU Hungary, NO Norway, PL Poland, SK Slovakia,
UK United Kingdom, YU Yugoslavia.
*  S. Germany:-  range of virulence frequencies: varies according to Region. 30-50 isolates per region.
#  Denmark:-  sample from Spring 1996 only.
^  Norway:-  bulk isolates; results based on mean % disease severity
~  Slovakia:-  1995 + 1996 data